Medical study

                                       Epilepsy                Introduction of epilepsy or seizures -            Seizures  and abnormal sudden, excessive discharge of electrical, activities with in the.  neurone of brain are chronic epilepsy.  Etiology    brain tumor (most common cause )   head trauma,( within 1 year form head injury)    idiopathic,   toxic ,    infection (meningities ,encephalitis)  Birth  injury, inborn error of metabolism    congenital defect of CNS      Type of epilepsy   Caesar can be divided into two measure group  1. Generalized seizures - generalized seizures  resulting from excessively electrical discharge from both hemisphere of the brain most common type of the seizures  are following    A.  Tonic clonic seizures ( grand mal)  this type of seizures  have three phases     Aura    Tonic   Clonic     B. Absence seizures (Pepit mal)    brief period of altered consciousness lasting 5 to 30 second usuall

      --   Parkinson's  disease  --                   Introduction  of Parkinson disease- it is a degenerative disease occurred due to degeneration of dopamine producing cell. which resulting in dopamine deficiency  disease.  play an important role in sensory filtering Parkinson disease occur due to dysfunction of extrapyramidal tract , most of develop in the age over 60 year , Parkinson is mainly caused by  a dopamine factor. ै             Etiology  - exact cause is unknown but some toxic environment , chemicals such as pesticides and carbon monoxide are suspected contributing factors for developing Parkinson's disease,  -  Sach family history can cause the Parkinson's disease             clinical manifestation   -   monotonous speech    - mask like face    -  loss of coordination and balance      -Akinesia (loss of control of voluntary muscles movement)    -  three Cardinal features are ( tremor, rigidity and brad

                     !!!!  Pancreatitis !!!   Definition -         inflammation of pancreas due to  etiological factor which cause injury to pancrease cell or activation of pancreatic enzyme into pancreas rather  than intestine that may result in auto digestion of pancreas by its own enzyme is know as pancreatitis. Type- there are two type of pancreatitis  1. Acute pancreatitis   sudden and single attack of inflammation of pancreas is now as acute pancreatitis maybe recurrent with resolutions is also called acute pancreatitis.      Etiology -      - alcohol abuse( may be increase secretion of pancreatic enzyme )   - obstruction of the pancreatic duct by gallstone are the most common cause.         -biliary tract disease (most common in female) such is gallbladder stone and cystic fibrosis.   -  viral infection such as HIV mums some drugs like corticosteroids NSAID and oral contraceptives Clinical manifestation        sudden abdominal pain in left q

!!!!!!!                                               !!!!!!         Pancreas or pancreas gland                 Introduction of pancreas - the pancreas is a pale Grey gland wright  about 60 gram.  it is about 12 to 15 cm long and situated into epigastric and left hypochondriac region,  the pancreas consists of head , body and tell .    there are 3 part head is expanded portion which lie in to curve of duodenum the central portion of pancreas is body and the end portion of pancreas is tell.     Figure - Anatomy of pancreas or pancreatic gland     Structure of pancreas            the pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine gland     The exocrine pancreas                             the exocrine pancreas consisting of large number of lobules made up of small acini. The wall is consist of secretary cells.  it's lobules is drain by Tiny duct  and this unit eventually to form the pancreatic juice , with extends along the whole length of gland a

Well come dear friends get study regularly on this site be clear and effective                             !!   Cell and organelles    !!     Introduction   of  cell  Cell are the smollest functional unit of the body. They are group together to form tissues.  The hume body develops from a single cell called the zygote       Definition -        Cell is a living structural and functional unit of the body wich enclosed         By a membrane called cell      Plasma membrane or cell membrane                    Cell membrane form the outer boundary of the cell and selectively allow substance to enter or leave the cell.       The plasma membrane consist two layer of phospholipids.                                 Phospholipid 75 % Cholesterol  20 % Glycolipids 5 %                           !! Transportation across plasma membrane !!     movement of substance across cell membrane can be classified as two  type             1